Weathering is the chemical and physical processes that change the characteristics of rocks on the Earth’s surface. It is also known as the preparation for erosion. In order for weathering to occur, the environment of a rock sample must change and the rock needs to be exposed to some form of water and the air. Human processes such as pollution, which can be a large factor in acid rain, along with the acts of other living organisms, can cause chemical weathering to occur at faster rates. The weathering process occurs when rocks are exposed to the hydrosphere (water) and atmosphere (air). These weathering agents can change the physical and chemical characteristics of rocks. As rocks are broken down (weathered) they can be classified as different types of sediments, which are: boulders, cobbles, pebbles, sand, silt, clay, and colloids from http://connections.smsd.org/csi/GRAVESTONEWEATHERING.pdf
Weathering happened. Different chemicals such as acid rain and any chemicals that could be in fog causes the gravestones to erode. Its pretty simple, really. Fog is practically clouds, right? And clouds come from evaporated liquids, so therefore if water had some kind of chemical in it and it became fog, then what now? Not to mention bird droppings. Also, they wear down over the years.
I think that the chemicals from the air come down when it rains. They then land on the gravestones and the chemicals wear down the gravestone material. :)
i think wind rain and snow caused the gravestones to wear away and the words to especially the old gravestones because there just slates and theyd break down and wear away and the marble would also wear away making it black but these days grave stones are made out of granite and would take thousands of years to wear away like the slates and marble would.
I think that it is caused by Carbonic acid/ Chemical Weathering. Also because it is not a new headstone it is a pretty old one and I think that it why it is wearing away so fast.
I think the cause of this weathering is acidic rain was wearing away at the one on the top more because of its materials the top one is probably made of marble or slate and the bottom one is most likely made from granite.
The rain over time has worn down the graves, and when it is acid rain, it wears it down even more. The old material it was made out of was weak and easy to break like chalk. The acid melts and breaks down the chalk, and makes the words on the stone hard to read. In present time, graves are now made out of granite, and are harder to break. Mechanical and chemical weathering have a lesser effect on it. Acid rain will not ware it down as much, and the words will be clearly visible. This is one improvement on grave stones over time. Another cause of this is wind, which also wares down the rock. Marble is not as strong as the granite we use now.
I think that chemical weathering took its toll on the gravestones over time. Over time, things become beaten down and it looks like that is what happened here. It all depends on what type of material and rock type you use for the gravestones to know how long it will take to become beaten down and you to not be able to see the letters anymore. Today, we use granite so that the things that happened in the pictures, wont happen as fast as it did. In the old days, people could have the gravestones weathered really fast because they didn't use the right type of rock. So then, it took 100 years or so for the gravestone to become damages, and now, it takes over 1000! So that is what I think happened to the gravestones and how they got weathered. All of the wind and rain and other types of things in weathering happened to them making the gravestones look weathered and not look new, and so you can't see what was once written on them.
I think it is because they are very old and they warn from the past years with all the climates and that the rain also helped it wear away the moss can also wear it away and that it is not very good rock not like granite witch would take longer to wear away then stone witch the carbonic acid wears it all away also so all the weathering comes and helps it wear away like rain,snow,moss,ect
Weathering happened. Different chemicals such as acid rain and any chemicals that could be in fog causes the gravestones to erode. Its pretty simple, really. Fog is practically clouds, right? And clouds come from evaporated liquids, so therefore if water had some kind of chemical in it and it became fog, then what now? Not to mention bird droppings. Also, they wear down over the years.
I think that rain and wind effected these gravestones. Also the wind might have picked up small sediments of dirt or sand and those could have been thrown against the gravestones and could have damaged them.
Well... I think that It was the chemical weathering effect from all the years it has just been sitting there. Really It was just all of the rain and snow that has attacked it for hundreds of years...
Wind may not seem very strong, but over time it can do a lot of damage to stone. Since headstones are set up so that they stand up surrounded by lots of open space, it provides a perfect corridor for wind to blow through. The wind puts pressure on headstones, and over time that pressure can cause cracks to form and edges to round. In addition wind might carry grit in it, which can act as a low powered sand blaster over time. That grit can pock and then groove headstones, wearing them away. Rain
Rain can also damage headstones over long term exposure. The impact of individual raindrops isn't terribly important, but over time the impacts of the rain can wear away at stones. Since headstones stand all by themselves it means they don't have any protection from the rain. Additionally, if acid rain is present then the acidity of the rain could eat away at the stone and cause more damage than normal, base rain might. This is particularly true for susceptible materials like limestone. Temperature
When headstones are exposed to heat and cold, that heat and cold swells and shrinks the stone respectively. This isn't normally a problem if the temperature moves slowly and allows the stone to adjust, but sudden temperature changes can snap the stone by making the swelling or shrinking happen too fast. Additionally, if there is water present either on or in the headstone and that water freezes into ice, that ice will put pressure on the headstone. If that pressure is too great, it will crack and damage the stone.
I think rain and plant acid chipped away and covered these gravestones,and in one of the pictures the bottom part collapsed and I think it's b/c of ice wedging during the winter.
I think the weathering happened because the gravestones have been there for a long time and during that time the rock wears down and chips from the constant weather changes. Grave stones were first made from slate, which over time is very easy to break. Then gravestones were made out of marble which is harder to wear down but also starts to wear down over long periods of time. The gravestones were made but not strong enough to withstand the powers of Earth, making the stones easier and easier to wear down and chip.
I think that the snow and rain and just "old age" has given these gravestones a "rough time". The weathering would have made it worse if it went through an ice age. [doubt that] It could have also been physically "weathered", as in someone or something destroyed it by hand or possibly paw.
Granite is a common ingenious rock formed from slow cooling magma. It is composed of feldspar, quartz and mica minerals. Granite is a very tough and durable rock that comes in a variety of colours. It is not generally used for building construction because it is not heat resistant and has very poor thermal conductivity. It is, however, perfectly suited for constructing monuments, memorials and tombstones because of its toughness, hard to scratch surface and resistance to weathering. Even with its durability, however, granite is still not immune to the effects of the environment and time.
Water
Water is a very damaging element. It has the power to erode even entire mountainsides given enough time. Just being exposed to the damaging effects of rain and water runoff over enough time will wear the surface of a granite tombstone down. One of the specific effects that water can have on granite is that the potassium feldspar, one of the components of granite, turns into kaolinite, a claylike mineral, when exposed to water. The transformation breaks down the original crystalline structure and releases potassium ions and silica into the water. This process is very slow but will eventually show wear on the granite. Heat accelerates this type of deterioration, so granite tombstones in hot and humid environments are more susceptible to its damaging effects. Certain types of granite may also contain iron elements that produce rust.
We think of a marble tombstone marking our loved ones' graves forever, but even stone can erode over time. British researcher Rob Inkpen has found that weather has eroded spots on some century-old gravestones by more than 1 inch. Over time, even if the gravestone endures, the inscriptions may fade until they're illegible. The effect of weathering depends on the material of the tombstone, the environment and the form the weathering process takes. Exposure to different climates or forms of pollution can cause flaking, pitting, the growth of lichen or the development of black deposits on the stones.
My source was http://www.ehow.com/about_6068260_weathering-affect-tombstones_.html
I think that wind and water erosion is what effected the grave stones because of the way that they are chipped and the words are washed away and everything like that. The age of them could have effected how stable hey could be also. Like the older the gravestone is the more effective it would be if it hailed or down poured if a storm were to happen. Or if a hurricane were to happen that might effect the gravestone also.
I think that chemical weathering overtime has worn away and beaten down those gravestones. It happens to all gravestones eventually, but it usually depends on what kind of stone and/or rock you used to figure out how long it takes for them to look like that. It also is about what the weather around there is like.
I think that what caused these gravestone to wear down was rain, wind, snow, the snow frizzing onto the gravestones. And from that wearing down the gravestone came to what it looks like now. Also it could have been the plants that surround the grave could have grown onto it and dried into the grave to make it unreadable and out of date. Someone could have come into the cemetery to smash up the gravestone itself or thinking they are funny and spray painting every one they see. Or the very simple one that person could have died a very long time ago and the grave is just very very very worn down. I hope this is right because I can tell I have already written to much if not over the top.
How the climate has changed. Also how the mechanical weathering has by changing the surface with plants. they can do this by growing over it. Then chemical weathering can change it by plant acid changing the surface as well. the acid of plants can by sitting on the surface of the rock and by growing something on it. It is green because it just sits on the surface. It is very hard to remove. But all it does is it is changing how the surface of how the rock will feel later when the plant are removed.
I'm not sure why but this weblog is loading incredibly slow for me. Is anyone else having this problem or is it a problem on my end? I'll check back later on and see if the problem still exists.
My family members all the time say that I am wasting my time here at web, however I know I am getting familiarity everyday by reading such pleasant content.
110 comments:
acid rain melted/disolved the granite
I think all the rain that has hit it has worn down the graves
acid rain melted them
Also acid rain dissolved it.
rain, snow, bird crape, wind.
I think acid rain weathered the gravestone.
rain and asid
Chemicals dissolved the graves.
I think the rain or the wind might have made that happen
Weathering is the chemical and physical processes that change
the characteristics of rocks on the Earth’s surface. It is also known as
the preparation for erosion. In order for weathering to occur, the
environment of a rock sample must change and the rock needs to be
exposed to some form of water and the air. Human processes such as
pollution, which can be a large factor in acid rain, along with the acts
of other living organisms, can cause chemical weathering to occur at
faster rates.
The weathering process occurs when rocks are exposed to the
hydrosphere (water) and atmosphere (air). These weathering agents
can change the physical and chemical characteristics of rocks. As rocks
are broken down (weathered) they can be classified as different types
of sediments, which are: boulders, cobbles, pebbles, sand, silt, clay,
and colloids
from http://connections.smsd.org/csi/GRAVESTONEWEATHERING.pdf
From sitting there for so many years and the rain snow ice and other stuff like bird poop and just being there sooo long
I think acid rain dissolved the chock
From the rain and snow of the past years.
Weathering happened. Different chemicals such as acid rain and any chemicals that could be in fog causes the gravestones to erode. Its pretty simple, really. Fog is practically clouds, right? And clouds come from evaporated liquids, so therefore if water had some kind of chemical in it and it became fog, then what now? Not to mention bird droppings. Also, they wear down over the years.
acid
rain does
I think that the the rain made the writing wash away.
From acid rain all the weather past the year's.
acid rain dissolved the gravestone
rain, snow, bird crape, wind.
connor riley
There was acid in the rain.
the weathering i thing that's on the gravestone is micannal weathering
On the grave stones i think it's both mechanical weathering and chemical weathering.
rain,and wind, and snow and hot weather and cold weather
chemical weathering
acid rain, thats what it is
Acid got in the rain and it disolved the gravestone when it fell
Acid in the rain caused chemical weathering on these grvestone.
or chemical weathering
I think it has been there for a while it has been weathered and allot has hit it
CHEMICALS IN NATURE LIKE PLANTS
I think that it is caused from acid or chemical weathering
I think that the chemicals from the air come down when it rains. They then land on the gravestones and the chemicals wear down the gravestone material. :)
I think that rain, snow, and wind caused the weathering on the gravestones.
when the pollution rises up in the clouds and then it starts to rain the pollution and rain creates acid and the acid wears down the gravestone.
carbonic acid also
I think the weathering on the gravestones was carbonic acid and wind.
it's by carbonic acid
i think wind rain and snow caused the gravestones to wear away and the words to especially the old gravestones because there just slates and theyd break down and wear away and the marble would also wear away making it black but these days grave stones are made out of granite and would take thousands of years to wear away like the slates and marble would.
carbonic acid or chemical weathering
and carbonic acid
Carbonic acid chemical weathering wind
Acid rain. ???
I think that stuff falling from trees and rain and moss that grows on it and stuff from acid and stuff that is from the rain.
I think rain caused it t wear away.
the forces that caused those grave stones to erode is rain, wind and probably people hitting it.
Acid in the rain caused chemical weathering on these gravestone.
chemical weathering, wind, abrasion, and carbonic acid.
I think all those years of rain and weather has caused it to fade and ware away.
Considering the lab lesson we just did I'm going to guess acid rain did that.
Carbonic acid, plant acid, wind, and rain are all causes of weathering on gravestones
acid rain dissolved the chalk made gravestones and then the other one it does nothing
When rain that has more acid in it falls and collides with the tomb stone, causing chemical weathering, damaging the surface of the tomb.
I think that it is caused by Carbonic acid/ Chemical Weathering. Also because it is not a new headstone it is a pretty old one and I think that it why it is wearing away so fast.
I think chemical weathering caused the weathering on these gravestones. Also wind might have had a small part in breaking down the gravestones too.
Water because it looks like there is oxidation "rust" on both of the grave stones which could be caused by rain.
I think the cause of this weathering is acidic rain was wearing away at the one on the top more because of its materials the top one is probably made of marble or slate and the bottom one is most likely made from granite.
The rain over time has worn down the graves, and when it is acid rain, it wears it down even more. The old material it was made out of was weak and easy to break like chalk. The acid melts and breaks down the chalk, and makes the words on the stone hard to read. In present time, graves are now made out of granite, and are harder to break. Mechanical and chemical weathering have a lesser effect on it. Acid rain will not ware it down as much, and the words will be clearly visible. This is one improvement on grave stones over time. Another cause of this is wind, which also wares down the rock. Marble is not as strong as the granite we use now.
I think that chemical weathering took its toll on the gravestones over time. Over time, things become beaten down and it looks like that is what happened here. It all depends on what type of material and rock type you use for the gravestones to know how long it will take to become beaten down and you to not be able to see the letters anymore. Today, we use granite so that the things that happened in the pictures, wont happen as fast as it did. In the old days, people could have the gravestones weathered really fast because they didn't use the right type of rock. So then, it took 100 years or so for the gravestone to become damages, and now, it takes over 1000! So that is what I think happened to the gravestones and how they got weathered. All of the wind and rain and other types of things in weathering happened to them making the gravestones look weathered and not look new, and so you can't see what was once written on them.
I think that it was caused by rain. I think that because it looks like there is rust on both of the gravestones, and rust is a type of oxidation.
Nice
I think it is because they are very old and they warn from the past years with all the climates and that the rain also helped it wear away the moss can also wear it away and that it is not very good rock not like granite witch would take longer to wear away then stone witch the carbonic acid
wears it all away also so all the weathering comes and helps it wear away like rain,snow,moss,ect
Why thank you! haha
good job you beat quest
Nice Maddy:)
Go Journey! Nice job as usual!
I think the weathering happened with acid rain, water, and maybe a little wind.
Thanks! :)
i think the acid rain happen some rain and some wind
Weathering happened. Different chemicals such as acid rain and any chemicals that could be in fog causes the gravestones to erode. Its pretty simple, really. Fog is practically clouds, right? And clouds come from evaporated liquids, so therefore if water had some kind of chemical in it and it became fog, then what now? Not to mention bird droppings. Also, they wear down over the years.
I think that chemical weathering did that
I think what happened was the rain snow and acid broke it apart and maybe wind moved it around a little and the snow and acid made the black marks
I think wind erosion and acid rain, water plus time they age and where down.
I think the erosion on the rock is from rain and other types of erosion like wind.
I think that rain and wind effected these gravestones. Also the wind might have picked up small sediments of dirt or sand and those could have been thrown against the gravestones and could have damaged them.
because of the wind cause it might have ben carying sand and hit the grave stone so it started breaking away the pices piece by peace
I think that acid rain, snow, and wind caused the weathering.
Well... I think that It was the chemical weathering effect from all the years it has just been sitting there. Really It was just all of the rain and snow that has attacked it for hundreds of years...
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Wind
Wind may not seem very strong, but over time it can do a lot of damage to stone. Since headstones are set up so that they stand up surrounded by lots of open space, it provides a perfect corridor for wind to blow through. The wind puts pressure on headstones, and over time that pressure can cause cracks to form and edges to round. In addition wind might carry grit in it, which can act as a low powered sand blaster over time. That grit can pock and then groove headstones, wearing them away.
Rain
Rain can also damage headstones over long term exposure. The impact of individual raindrops isn't terribly important, but over time the impacts of the rain can wear away at stones. Since headstones stand all by themselves it means they don't have any protection from the rain. Additionally, if acid rain is present then the acidity of the rain could eat away at the stone and cause more damage than normal, base rain might. This is particularly true for susceptible materials like limestone.
Temperature
When headstones are exposed to heat and cold, that heat and cold swells and shrinks the stone respectively. This isn't normally a problem if the temperature moves slowly and allows the stone to adjust, but sudden temperature changes can snap the stone by making the swelling or shrinking happen too fast. Additionally, if there is water present either on or in the headstone and that water freezes into ice, that ice will put pressure on the headstone. If that pressure is too great, it will crack and damage the stone.
http://www.ehow.com/list_6614196_causes-headstones-weather.html
p.s i did make another one in my own words
I think rain and plant acid chipped away and covered these gravestones,and in one of the pictures the bottom part collapsed and I think it's b/c of ice wedging during the winter.
I think the weathering that caused the grave stones to do that was acid rain because when acid hits granite it becomes all faded.
I think the weathering happened because the gravestones have been there for a long time and during that time the rock wears down and chips from the constant weather changes. Grave stones were first made from slate, which over time is very easy to break. Then gravestones were made out of marble which is harder to wear down but also starts to wear down over long periods of time. The gravestones were made but not strong enough to withstand the powers of Earth, making the stones easier and easier to wear down and chip.
I think that the snow and rain and just "old age" has given these gravestones a "rough time". The weathering would have made it worse if it went through an ice age. [doubt that] It could have also been physically "weathered", as in someone or something destroyed it by hand or possibly paw.
u are to smart it would take me 10 years to write that much
Granite
Granite is a common ingenious rock formed from slow cooling magma. It is composed of feldspar, quartz and mica minerals. Granite is a very tough and durable rock that comes in a variety of colours. It is not generally used for building construction because it is not heat resistant and has very poor thermal conductivity. It is, however, perfectly suited for constructing monuments, memorials and tombstones because of its toughness, hard to scratch surface and resistance to weathering. Even with its durability, however, granite is still not immune to the effects of the environment and time.
Water
Water is a very damaging element. It has the power to erode even entire mountainsides given enough time. Just being exposed to the damaging effects of rain and water runoff over enough time will wear the surface of a granite tombstone down. One of the specific effects that water can have on granite is that the potassium feldspar, one of the components of granite, turns into kaolinite, a claylike mineral, when exposed to water. The transformation breaks down the original crystalline structure and releases potassium ions and silica into the water. This process is very slow but will eventually show wear on the granite. Heat accelerates this type of deterioration, so granite tombstones in hot and humid environments are more susceptible to its damaging effects. Certain types of granite may also contain iron elements that produce rust.
We think of a marble tombstone marking our loved ones' graves forever, but even stone can erode over time. British researcher Rob Inkpen has found that weather has eroded spots on some century-old gravestones by more than 1 inch. Over time, even if the gravestone endures, the inscriptions may fade until they're illegible.
The effect of weathering depends on the material of the tombstone, the environment and the form the weathering process takes. Exposure to different climates or forms of pollution can cause flaking, pitting, the growth of lichen or the development of black deposits on the stones.
My source was http://www.ehow.com/about_6068260_weathering-affect-tombstones_.html
I think that wind and water erosion is what effected the grave stones because of the way that they are chipped and the words are washed away and everything like that. The age of them could have effected how stable hey could be also. Like the older the gravestone is the more effective it would be if it hailed or down poured if a storm were to happen. Or if a hurricane were to happen that might effect the gravestone also.
It is also because the rock would break down and loose it's look because of the changing weather.
Ehow.co.uk is the website i got it off of.
I think it happened because of the rain, and snow. And maybe the temperature.
I think that chemical weathering overtime has worn away and beaten down those gravestones. It happens to all gravestones eventually, but it usually depends on what kind of stone and/or rock you used to figure out how long it takes for them to look like that. It also is about what the weather around there is like.
I think that what caused these gravestone to wear down was rain, wind, snow, the snow frizzing onto the gravestones. And from that wearing down the gravestone came to what it looks like now. Also it could have been the plants that surround the grave could have grown onto it and dried into the grave to make it unreadable and out of date. Someone could have come into the cemetery to smash up the gravestone itself or thinking they are funny and spray painting every one they see. Or the very simple one that person could have died a very long time ago and the grave is just very very very worn down. I hope this is right because I can tell I have already written to much if not over the top.
good one:)
good one:)
RIGHT!!!!!!!!
good job!!!!!!!!!!
WOOOOOOOOOO!!!!!!
good
It probably happened because of the hundreds of years of wind and rain and snow and all the weathering.
How the climate has changed. Also how the mechanical weathering has by changing the surface with plants. they can do this by growing over it. Then chemical weathering can change it by plant acid changing the surface as well. the acid of plants can by sitting on the surface of the rock and by growing something on it. It is green because it just sits on the surface. It is very hard to remove. But all it does is it is changing how the surface of how the rock will feel later when the plant are removed.
Where is that?
I'm not sure why but this weblog is loading incredibly slow for me. Is anyone else having this problem or is it a problem on my end? I'll check back
later on and see if the problem still exists.
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